Smoke-preventing device and economizer for locomotives.



E. KOHAN.

SMOKE PREVENTING DEVICE AND EGONOMIZER FOR LOCOMOTIVES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 25,1912.

Patented Feb. 11, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

ATTORNEYS E. KOHAN.

SMOKE PREVENTING DEVICE AND ECONOMIZER FOR LOCOMOTIVES.

APPLICATION FILED APR.25.1912.

3 SHEETSSHBET 2.

WITNESSES MP7,

INVENTOB El is: an? KQHGIH A TTORNE 8 1 nIrI Patented Feb. 11,1913.

B.KOHAN SMOKE PREVENTING DEVICE AND EGONOMIZER FOR LOCOMOTIVES.

APPLICATION FILED APR.25.1912.

Patented Feb. 11, 1913.

3 SHEBTS-SHEET 3.

IIVVE/VTUR EHasar Kohan AUUR/VEYS n x A.

ELIASAR KOHAN, OF PORT EWEN, NEW YORK.

\ SMOKE-PREVENTING DEVICE AND 'ECONOMIZER FOR LOCOMOTIVES.

. As is well known, the gases and other products that are discharged to the smoke-stack of a locomotive immediately after firing with fresh coal, are comparatively cool'and contain a large proportion of unconsumed fine particles of coal, particularly when firing with soft coal. On the other hand, when the the is burning fully and the combastion reaches its highest point in the furnace, the products discharged to the smoke stack are very hot. \Vith my invention I provide elements formed and arranged to take up the heat from the gases and prod ucts when at their highest point of heat, angl I utilize the heat thus conserved to aid in producing a secondary combustion in a smoke pipe of novel form. The heat devel oped by my apparatus 1 utilize for heating a fluid, preferably atmospheric air, and the heated fluid is in turn utilized for any available purpose in connection with a locomotive or train. In the preferred arrangement, I employ the heated air for promoting comlnistion in the firebox.

The distinguishing features of my invention, and the important structural element-s characterizing the preferred embodiment which is illustrated as an example, will be more particularly explained in the specific description hereinafter to be given.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate correspond ng parts in all the views' l igure l is a side elevation of my improved device applied lo a locomotive,parts being shown in section; Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of a locomotive equipped with my dcvice; Fig. 3 is an enlarged horizontal section on the line 3-3 in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line H Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 25, 1912.

Patented Feb. 111, 1913.

Serial No. 693,215.

in Fig.3; Fig. 5 is a rear end view of my device detached from the locomotive, parts of the fluid-circulating pipe being broken away; Fig. 6 is a cross section on the line 66 in Fig. 3; and Fig. 7 is a cross section on the line 7-7 in Fig. 4.

In carrying out my invention, a smoke conductor is mounted on the locomotive to take the place of the usual stack, the con ductor in the illustrated form consisting of an elbow section 10 and two alined and connected sections 11 and 12, that range rearwardl'y on top. of the locomotive, said conductor in practice being supported from the locomotive in any suitable manner. The elbow 10 is preferably formed with double walls, the inner wall 13 being properly supported concentric with the outer wall to form an intervening air space for heat in-- sulation. and similarly the adjacent section 11 is formed with an inner wall 14 spaced from the outer wall to form an intervening space. The section 11 is united to the elbow 10 and to the section 12 by a suitable flange coupling 15, 16, and between the flanges of the said couplings disks 17, 18, are clamped, the disks thus forming the ends of the pipe section 11, to which the elbow delivers. The exhaust pipe 19 of the locomotive extends centrally through the elbow 10 and the conductor sections 11 and 12, and terminates, shown in Fig. 1, a short distance from the outlet end of the rear section 12, which. causes a draft through the smoke pipe and the locomotive furnace.

'The disks 17, 18 are formed with series of openings 20, and communicating with said openings are an annular series of separate smoke pipes 21 which are made up of separate tapering sections, of which the rear enlarged end 22 of one section receives the smaller front end 23 of the next section, as best shown in Fig. 4, and the smaller front ends of each section are formed exteriorly with peripheral grooves 24 for the inlet of air from the surrounding air chamber 25 which is supplied with air from a high pressure fan, as hereinafter explained. It will be seen that with the described construction, the draft caused by the exhaust steam dischargcd from the exhaust pipe 9 will cause the smoke and products of combustion from the furnace to pass through the elbow 10 and through the annular series of individof the smoke conductor.

- hanger devices 28,

i slabs 26 are tapered at the-ends,

Within each individual smoke pipe 21 I provide means to take up'the heat from the hot gases that pass through said pipes, and in the preferred form the saidmeans consists of an elongated slab 26 of refractory material which is suspended by its end projections o'r journals 27 from any suitable so that the slabs 26 are thus given a pendulous character ,so that they will have a tendency to sway and be vibrated laterally by the vibrations of the 10- comotive when in motion, .the vibrations of the slabs being'designed to better insure a contact of the slabs with the hot gases pass ing through the pipes 21, and to a similar end, the slabs are provided with numerous transverse foraminations 29. Desirably the as shown at 29 in Fig. 3, whereby to present no abrupt end surfaces to the gases.

The space 25 surrounding the various smoke pipes 21, and which space extends from the elbow 10 to the discharge section 120i the smoke conductor, is supplied with air from an inlet nipple 30 which connects with a pipe section 31, but has communication through a coupling 32 with the outlet 33 of a coiled pipe 341 having its convolutions in the section 12 of the smoke conduc-- tor, the inlet end 35 of the coiled pipe-3% being connected with a high pressure fan 36. In practice, the fan will be supported on the tender, or otherwise in the most convenient place. Merely for the purpose of example, I have shown the fan mounted on the locomotive, but it is to be understood that this is only for the purpose of convenient illustration.

'From the union 32 a. second branch 37 leads to a two-way valve 38, from which val e a pipe 39 leads to the ash box of the locomotive, and a second pipe 40 to the atmosphere, or to any other point. as, for instance. for heating purposes. To provide for a forced drai't when the locomotive is at rest. a live steam pipe 42 connects at any suitable point 43 with the boiler. and. extends within the pipe section 12 adjacent to the exhaust pipe 19. The air discharged from the nipple 30 to the space 25) surrounding the individual smoke pipes 21, is under pressure and finds entrance to the individual smoke pipes 21 through the annular series of grooves or passages 24- 'formed in each tapering pipe section. The air from the said chamber furthermore finds outletto the pipe section 12 through an annular selles"; of holes 45 that are formed in the forward: disk 18.

' With the described. construction, the slabs will; become highly heated during the perioc .i'yvhen- '.products of combustion from thejurnace arehcated to the highest degree, therefore, when the cooler gases contaihing large proportion of combustible particles arrive in the individual smoke pipes 21 and contact with the highly heated slabs at a time when the furnace is freshly coaled, there will be present within ,the

smoke pipes sufficient atmospheric air to support combustion, said air passinginwa-rd to the smoke pipes 21 through the passages 24. The arrangement of the tapered sections of the pipes 21 and the inlet grooves 24 will cause an injector action and not interfere with the draft through the locomotive furnace. In addition. to the atmospheric air that the combustible particles meet within the smokepipes 21. additional air will be supplied to the products dis-. charged from the pipes 21 to the pipe section 12. Said air will have entered under pressure to the pipe section 12 through the holes 45. The heat d veloped in the pipe section 12 serves to highly heat the airunder pressure in the coils 34. and said 'air. will partly to -the chfimber 251 "and partly to the pipe 37, the valve'38 and. the pipe 39,- and be delivered in a highly heated condition to the ash box of the furnace for supporting combustion. The air from the pine 37 may by proper manipulation of the valve 38, be directed tot-he pipe 40 and thence to the atmosphere or any other point,

-to be utilized for any purpose.

In practice. the pipe 31 is suitably valved. as indicated in dotted linrs at 31 in Fig. 3, to give the proper discharge to the space 25. Bv-mv improved device. the discharge of smoke is prevented and the heat ordinarily wasted in being discharged from a smoke stack is utilized effectively so that economy is promoted in the operation of the locomotive.

Having thus described my invention. I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A smoke-preventing device and economizcr for locomotives. comp risinga smoke conductor, an exhaust pipe extendingwithin said conductor and discharging adiacent to one end of the conductor. a series of individual smoke pipes in said conductor, an air chamber surrounding the said smoke pipes and communicating with the interior at various points along the length of the said pipes, heat-absorbing elements within said smoke pipes. an air supply pipe comn'iunicating with the air chamber surrounding the mentioned smoke pipe and having coi'mcctio-ns to deliver air from said. air pipe to a point adiaccnt to the firebox of the locomotive. and. means for forcing air through. said air pipe.

in a smoke-preventing device and. economizer for locomotives, the combination with a smoke condi'lctor having a discharge seclion and a section intermediate between the ends of the smoke pipe, and provided with a, series of individual smoke pipes, a chamber surrounding said smoke pipes and communicating both with the interior of the smoke pipes and with the discharge section of the conductor, an exhaust pipe extending lengthwise of the smoke conductor and discharging adjacent to the outlet end of the conductor, an air pipe having convolutions within the discharge section of the conductor, means for forcing air through said air plpe, a 00111180131011 between the air pipe extending through said chamber and in communication therewith at points along the length of the smoke pipes, an air pipe coiled within the conductor at a point be yond the mentioned chamber, connections between said air pipe and the said chamber, and an outlet leading from the said chamber to the conductor at a point beyond said chamber.

4. The combination with a locomotive of.

a smoke conductor, an exhaustpipe ranging longitudinally of the said conductor, an air pipe having a coil within the conductor,

means for forcing air through said pipe,

smoke pipes, a chamber formed in said conductbr and surrounding the smoke pipes, heat-absorbing elements in, said pipes, the said pipes having air inlets leading from the said chamber to the interior of the smoke pipes, connections between the said air pipe and the chamber in which the smoke pipes are located, and connections between said air pipe and the ash box of the locomotive.

5. Thecombination with a locomotive of a smoke conductor,- an exhaust pipe ranging longitudinally thereof, disks located in said conductor a distance apart to form a longitudinal chamber, said disks having reg-' istering openings, smoke pipes extending from one disk to the other at said openings, said smoke pipes having air inlets leading from said longitudinal chamber to the interior of said smoke pipes, oneof said disks furthermore having additional openings forming outlets from the said chamber to a point in the conductor beyond said chamber, an air pipe having a coil within the conductor beyond the smoke pipes, connections between said air pipe and the said chamber,

and between the said air pipe and the ash box of the locomotive, and a fan for forcing air through said air pipe.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ELIASAR KOHAN.

Witnesses: ELISAWETA KoHAN, I. GINGBURG. 

